periods desertification resulting from the degradation of limited arable land, periods of drought, and dust storms; coastal degradation (damage to coastlines, coral reefs, and sea vegetation) resulting from oil spills and other discharges ... www.exxun.com/Bahrain/b_mp.html
periods ... Social Stabilization Fund to hold excess copper revenues so that social spending can be maintained during periods of copper shortfalls. This fund probably surpassed $20 billion at the end of 2007. Chile ... www.exxun.com/Chile/e_ec.html
periods ... time Costa Rica proclaimed its sovereignty and independence. Since the late 19th century, only two brief periods of violence have marred the country's democratic development. Although it still maintains a large ... www.exxun.com/CostaRica/a_fg.html
periods Iran protests Afghanistan's limiting flow of dammed tributaries to the Helmand River in periods of drought; Iraq's lack of a maritime boundary with Iran prompts jurisdiction disputes beyond the mouth ... www.exxun.com/Iran/i_ti.html
periods prolonged periods of drought www.exxun.com/Namibia/b_mp.html
periods ... February), moderate temperatures in north and hot in south; southwest monsoon (May to October), torrid in the north and hot in the south, irregular rainfall, hot and humid periods (tangambili) between monsoons www.exxun.com/Somalia/b_mp.html
periods variable, with mostly westerly winds throughout the year interspersed with periods of calm; nearly all precipitation falls as snow www.exxun.com/SouthGeorgiaSouthSandwichIs/b_mp.html
periods ... harbors exist on southern side of Southern Ocean; ice conditions limit use of most to short periods in midsummer; even then some cannot be entered without icebreaker escort; most Antarctic ports are ... www.exxun.com/SouthernOcean/g_tr.html
periods ... transfer of power. Since then, Turkish political parties have multiplied, but democracy has been fractured by periods of instability and intermittent military coups (1960, 1971, 1980), which in each case eventually resulted ... www.exxun.com/Turkey/a_fg.html
peripheral ... of the best natural deepwater harbors in the South Pacific Ocean, sheltered by shape from rough seas and protected by peripheral mountains from high winds; strategic location in the South Pacific Ocean www.exxun.com/AmericanSamoa/b_mp.html
peripheral ... Croatia's 2003 claim to an exclusive economic zone in the Adriatic; as a European Union peripheral state, neighboring Slovenia must conform to the strict Schengen border rules to curb illegal migration ... www.exxun.com/Croatia/i_ti.html
perished ... days in office, triggering widespread ethnic violence between Hutu and Tutsi factions. More than 200,000 Burundians perished during the conflict that spanned almost a dozen years. Hundreds of thousands of Burundians were ... www.exxun.com/Burundi/a_fg.html
Perlis 13 states (negeri-negeri, singular - negeri) Johor, Kedah, Kelantan, Melaka, Negeri Sembilan, Pahang, Perak, Perlis, Pulau Pinang, Sabah, Sarawak, Selangor, and Terengganu; and one federal territory (wilayah persekutuan) with three components, city ... www.exxun.com/Malaysia/d_gv.html
perlite coal, iron ore, copper, chromium, antimony, mercury, gold, barite, borate, celestite (strontium), emery, feldspar, limestone, magnesite, marble, perlite, pumice, pyrites (sulfur), clay, arable land, hydropower www.exxun.com/Turkey/b_mp.html
Perm ... Nenets (Nar'yan-Mar), Yamalo-Nenets (Salekhard) krays: Altay (Barnaul), Kamchatka (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskiy), Khabarovsk, Krasnodar, Krasnoyarsk, Perm', Primorsk (Vladivostok), Stavropol', Zabaykal'skiy (Chita) federal cities: Moscow (Moskva), Saint Petersburg (Sankt-Peterburg) autonomous ... www.exxun.com/Russia/d_gv.html
permafrost ... away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from ... www.exxun.com/ArcticOcean/b_mp.html
permafrost continuous permafrost in north is a serious obstacle to development; cyclonic storms form east of the Rocky Mountains, a result of the mixing of air masses from the Arctic, Pacific, and North ... www.exxun.com/Canada/b_mp.html
permafrost continuous permafrost over northern two-thirds of the island www.exxun.com/Greenland/b_mp.html
permafrost permafrost over much of Siberia is a major impediment to development; volcanic activity in the Kuril Islands; volcanoes and earthquakes on the Kamchatka Peninsula; spring floods and summer/autumn forest fires throughout ... www.exxun.com/Russia/b_mp.html
permafrost ... the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts; tornadoes in the midwest and southeast; mud slides in California; forest fires in the west; flooding; permafrost in northern Alaska, a major impediment to development www.exxun.com/UnitedStates/b_mp.html
permanent arable land: 12.13% permanent crops: 0.21% other: 87.66% (2005) www.exxun.com/Afghanistan/b_mp.html
permanent arable land: 20.1% permanent crops: 4.21% other: 75.69% (2005) www.exxun.com/Albania/b_mp.html
permanent arable land: 3.17% permanent crops: 0.28% other: 96.55% (2005) www.exxun.com/Algeria/b_mp.html
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